
{"id":6613,"date":"2025-03-18T14:16:40","date_gmt":"2025-03-18T14:16:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/assedel.org\/?p=6613"},"modified":"2025-09-04T09:01:09","modified_gmt":"2025-09-04T09:01:09","slug":"the-remi-fraisse-case-a-historic-ruling-against-france-in-law-enforcement-management","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/assedel.org\/fr\/the-remi-fraisse-case-a-historic-ruling-against-france-in-law-enforcement-management\/","title":{"rendered":"L'affaire R\u00e9mi Fraisse : Une condamnation historique de la France en mati\u00e8re de \nmaintien de l'ordre"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>R\u00e9mi Fraisse, un militant \u00e9cologiste de 21 ans, a perdu la vie dans la nuit du<br>octobre 2014 lors d'affrontements autour du chantier du barrage de Sivens, dans le<br>Tarn. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9 par l'explosion d'une grenade offensive lanc\u00e9e par un gendarme<br>au cours d'une op\u00e9ration de maintien de l\u2019ordre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Apr\u00e8s plus de dix ans de batailles judiciaires, la Cour europ\u00e9enne des droits de l\u2019Homme (CEDH)<br>a rendu, le jeudi 27 f\u00e9vrier 2025, un arr\u00eat remettant en cause la d\u00e9cision initiale de<br>la justice fran\u00e7aise dans cette affaire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En janvier 2018, la justice fran\u00e7aise avait prononc\u00e9 un non-lieu, estimant que le<br>le gendarme ayant lanc\u00e9 la grenade n\u2019avait pas commis de faute p\u00e9nale, son action<br>s'inscrivant dans les r\u00e8gles d'usage de la force conformes au cadre l\u00e9gal fran\u00e7ais. Cette d\u00e9cision avait provoqu\u00e9 une vive<br>controverse et conduit \u00e0 la saisine de plusieurs instances juridiques, notamment la CEDH.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le tribunal administratif avait cependant condamn\u00e9 l\u2019\u00c9tat \u00e0 indemniser la famille de R\u00e9mi<br>Fraisse sans pour autant reconna\u00eetre de faute<br>dans la gestion du maintien de l\u2019ordre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans son arr\u00eat, la CEDH a jug\u00e9 que la France avait viol\u00e9 l\u2019article 2 de la Convention europ\u00e9enne<br>des droits de l\u2019Homme, relatif au droit \u00e0 la vie. La Cour a mis en lumi\u00e8re des \"d\u00e9faillances<br>dans l'encadrement, la pr\u00e9paration et la conduite des op\u00e9rations litigieuses\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>En cons\u00e9quence, la France a \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9e \u00e0 verser des indemnisations allant de 5 600 \u00e0 16 000 euros<br>aux proches de R\u00e9mi Fraisse, ainsi que des frais de justice, en r\u00e9paration du pr\u00e9judice moral<br>subi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Selon Claire Dujardin, avocate de plusieurs membres de la famille de R\u00e9mi Fraisse,<br>cette d\u00e9cision historique marque une reconnaissance explicite des graves manquements<br>de l\u2019\u00c9tat en mati\u00e8re<br>de maintien de l\u2019ordre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La CEDH a notamment point\u00e9 la dangerosit\u00e9 des grenades offensives OF-F1<br>et l'absence d'un dispositif de contr\u00f4le efficace quant \u00e0 leur utilisation, qualifiant cette n\u00e9gligence<br>de faute grave de l\u2019\u00c9tat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L'affaire R\u00e9mi Fraisse s'inscrit dans une s\u00e9rie de cas marquants de violences polici\u00e8res en France,<br>notamment l'affaire Zineb Redouane, d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9e \u00e0 Marseille en 2018 apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 touch\u00e9e par<br>une grenade lacrymog\u00e8ne, ou celle de C\u00e9dric Chouviat, mort en 2020 \u00e0 la suite d'une<br>intervention polici\u00e8re violente lors d'un contr\u00f4le routier.  Ces affaires ont raviv\u00e9 le d\u00e9bat sur les pratiques du maintien de l'ordre<br>en France et les responsabilit\u00e9s de l'\u00c9tat dans l'encadrement<br>de l'usage de la force.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce verdict illustre \u00e9galement l'importance du droit comme outil militant. La pers\u00e9v\u00e9rance de<br>des proches de R\u00e9mi Fraisse et de leurs avocats d\u00e9montre que les recours juridiques peuvent aboutir \u00e0<br>une reconnaissance des fautes de l\u2019\u00c9tat et offrir un espoir pour les victimes de violences polici\u00e8res. Une<br>des membres de l\u2019ASSEDEL a r\u00e9alis\u00e9 un dossier de recherche (uniquement en fran\u00e7ais)<br>sur l\u2019usage militant du droit dans le cadre des luttes contre les violences polici\u00e8res, que nous vous invitons \u00e0 consulter en version <a href=\"https:\/\/assedel.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/DDR__1741256142-1.pdf\" data-type=\"attachment\" data-id=\"6618\">PDF <\/a>jointe si<br>le sujet<br>vous int\u00e9resse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sources :<br>https:\/\/www.leclubdesjuristes.com\/justice\/mort-de-remi-fraisse-la-france-condamnee-par-la<br>cedh-9624\/?<br>https:\/\/www.france24.com\/fr\/france\/20250228-mort-r%C3%A9mi-fraisse-cedh-condamnation<br>france-apr%C3%A8s-dix-ans-bataille-judiciaire-sivens-justice-gendarmerie-grenade?<br>https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mort_de_R%C3%A9mi_Fraisse?<br>https:\/\/www.politis.fr\/articles\/2025\/02\/justice-luttes-mort-de-remi-fraisse-la-cedh-condamne-la<br>france\/<br>https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/societe\/article\/2025\/02\/27\/mort-de-remi-fraisse-la-condamnation-de-la<br>france-par-la-cedh-va-a-contre-courant-des-conclusions-de-la-justice_6567620_3224.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>R\u00e9mi Fraisse, a 21-year-old environmental activist, lost his life on the night of October25-26, 2014, during clashes surrounding the construction site of&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6631,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[28,96],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-6613","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-opinion-eng","8":"category-opinionfr"},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/assedel.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WEBPAGE-COVER-TO-USE-1.png",2000,1013,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/assedel.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WEBPAGE-COVER-TO-USE-1-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/assedel.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WEBPAGE-COVER-TO-USE-1-300x152.png",300,152,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/assedel.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WEBPAGE-COVER-TO-USE-1-768x389.png",768,389,true],"large":["https:\/\/assedel.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WEBPAGE-COVER-TO-USE-1-1024x519.png",1024,519,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/assedel.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WEBPAGE-COVER-TO-USE-1-1536x778.png",1536,778,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/assedel.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WEBPAGE-COVER-TO-USE-1.png",2000,1013,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/assedel.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WEBPAGE-COVER-TO-USE-1-18x9.png",18,9,true],"inhype-blog-thumb":["https:\/\/assedel.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WEBPAGE-COVER-TO-USE-1-1140x694.png",1140,694,true],"inhype-blog-thumb-grid":["https:\/\/assedel.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WEBPAGE-COVER-TO-USE-1-555x360.png",555,360,true],"inhype-blog-thumb-widget":["https:\/\/assedel.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WEBPAGE-COVER-TO-USE-1-220x180.png",220,180,true],"inhype-blog-thumb-masonry":["https:\/\/assedel.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/WEBPAGE-COVER-TO-USE-1-360x182.png",360,182,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"assedel","author_link":"https:\/\/assedel.org\/fr\/author\/assedel\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"R\u00e9mi Fraisse, a 21-year-old environmental activist, lost his life on the night of October25-26, 2014, during clashes surrounding the construction site 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